Cylinder structure for engines and the like



c. w. DAKE 2,146,368

CYLINDER STRUCTURE FOR ENGINES AND THE LIKE I Feb. 7, 1939.

Original Filed April Z, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Feb. 7, 1939. 'c. w. DAKE CYLINDER STRUCTURE FOR ENGINES AND THE LIKE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original File dApril 2, 19:57

L a J {I w m 566 w 4 a v .1 L j: :1. a :1. 1 M 1 l1 4 7 7 7 a 6 6 mum Q h n he l1||| i 'uv VENTOR Maw Patented Feb. 7, 1939 PATENT OFFICE 2,146,368 CYLTNDER STRUCTURE FOR ENGINES AND THE LIKE Charles W. Dake, Grand Haven, Mich.

Application April 2, 1937, Serial No. 134,673

Renewed December 16, 1938 10 Claims. (Cl. 123173) My present invention relates to improvements in cylinder structures for engines, compressors and the like, but more particularly to cylinder structures for internal combustion engines in which a piston is forced to slide on a reciprocal excursion by the force generated by combustion of a gaseous charge compressed within the combustion space of the engine;

The objects of my improvement are, first, to maintain a lower temperature of the piston and compressed gaseous'ch'arge and the cylinder wall than at present maintained; second, to maintain a low engine operating temperature; third, to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines; fourth, to minimize combustion'or engine operating roughness; fifth, to provide increased heat transfer from the cylinder and piston to the cooling fluid within the cooling fluid chamber of the engine cylinder block; sixth, to generally increase the efliciency and reduce the fuel consumption of internal combustion engines; and, seventh, to reduce the temperature of the cylinders and pistons of air compressors and the like. These named objects and others that will appear froma perusal of the description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, are attained by the structure disclosedtherein and in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of my improved cylinder structure taken on a vertical plane through the axis of a cylinder and transversely of cylinder head of an internal combustion engine illustrating my improved cylinder with the piston therein Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of the portion of my cylinder structure above base portion taken on same vertical plane, as is Figure 1, and in which a portion of the cylinder wall sleeve is broken away so as to uncover the cylinder sleeve supporting wall, thereby disclosing the cooling fluid passages and the holes in the said supporting backing wall by solid lines.

Figure 3 is-a like sectional view to Figure 1 except therein is illustrated an alternate arrangement of the cooling fluid circulating passages to that disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary view of a portion of a cylinder block in section and exterior of the cylinder sleeve in modified form wherein the sleeve has extending around its periphery alterthrough the cylinder sleeve supporting wall and communicating with the said grooves,

Throughout the drawings, similar numerals renate ribs and grooves with holes extending.

Numeral I refers to a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine having therein cooling fluid chamber 2, cylinder wall sleeve 3, annular cylinder wall sleeve supporting backing wall 4 having at its inner periphery spirally arranged ribs 5, between and separating cooling fluid circulating grooves 6. Extending through the backing wall 4 are holes 'I communicating with the cooling fluid chamber 2 and the spirally arranged cooling fluid circulating grooves 6 whereby cooling fluid is supplied to said grooves. Slots 6a extending between adjacent grooves 6 assure positive circulation of cooling fluid as the fluid expands as it is heated by the cylinder wall sleeve. Holes 8 extending through the backing wall 4 below the holes 1 supply cooling fluid directly to the back of the cylinder wall sleeve 3. 9 represents a single acting piston as employed in single acting internal combustion engines, Ill the connecting rod pivotally connected to the said piston by wrist pin II at its upper end and to the crank pin of 'block in pressure sealing engagement with the bottom thereof. Thegasket I6 clamped between the top of cylinder block I and the cylinder head I2 has a circular hole |6a or opening which corresponds to the diameter of the cylinder bore having its annular border portion I9 surrounding the hole I6a engaging the flange ll of the cylinder wall sleeve 3, which rests in recess I8 of the cylinder block. In Figure 3, hole 20 through the backing wall supplies cooling fluid from the cooling fluid chamber 2 to the spiral grooves B at the bottom end only and hole 2| allows the cooling fluid to again pass to the cooling fluid chamber 2 after it has circulated through the f spiral groove 6. vAt

the lower end of the backing wall 4 and interior thereof is annular groove 22 into which the lower end of the cylinder wall sleeve 3 is pressed for retaining the said sleeve in place withinthe bore of the backing wall land for providing a joint to prevent leakageof cooling fluid from thechamber 2.

It is generally known among designers of internal combustion engines that the cooler the parts contacting combustion of the gaseous charge within the combustion space, the higher will be the efflciency of the engine, the lower will be the fuel consumption and the smoother will be the operation of the engine. Likewise, the cooler the compressed air in an air compressor, the higher will be the efliciency of the compressor.

In my improved cylinder structure the cylinder wall sleeve is preferably composed of a non-ferric metal or one having therein but a small percentage of iron so that the heat transfer of combustion and compression will be more rapid to the cooling fluid than through the present terrometal cylinder walls. I obtainthis rapid heat transfer and a reduced engine operating temperature by making the cylinder wall in sleeve form, of such said non-ferric metal, and circulate the cooling fluid directly against the exterior oi the cylinder wall sleeve and thereby obtain a more rapid heat transfer to the cooling fluid. In order to further increase the said heat transfer, I make thecylinder wall sleeve of comparatively thin sectional area, but in so doing, I weaken the said sleeve to such an extent that the sleeve would become expanded by the pressure generated by the combustion and the compression within the engine. I therefore provide a backing wall as 4, having at its inner periphery lands or ribs 5 whereby expansion of the cylinder wall sleeve is prevented by internal pressure and between the lands or ribs are'grooves 6 whereby the cooling fluid is brought in contact with the exterior of the cylinder wall sleeve 3 for efl'ectively cooling the sleeve. Holes 1 extending through the supporting wall 4 supply cooling fluid to the grooves 6 from the cooling fluid chamber. These grooves are preferably arranged spirally around the interior of the supporting wall 4 to insure complete circulation of the cooling fluid to the upper portion of the cylinder wall sleeve, and holes 8 supply cooling fluid direct to the lower or cooler portion of the cylinder wall sleeve. It is to be understood that in place of the grooves I, the supporting wall 4 may be provided with perforations or the holes such as I for the entire of the supporting wall, and likewise the holes I may be eliminated or the grooves may be either spirally or parallel annularly arranged in spaced apart relation the full length of the supporting wall; also the said grooves may be of a depressed form in the outer periphery of the cylinder wall sleeve and that the cylinder wall sleeve may be oi. steel having a thin sectional area, all without departing from my invention, which by having the cylinder sleeve wall of metal having a high heat conduction factor, transfers the heat of combustion to the cooling fluid, or, as when made of steel having a thin sectional area transfers the heat rapidly to the cooling fluid, which is brought in contact with the exterior of the cylinder wall sleeve which is supported against e pansion by ribs 5 providing grooves 6 therebetween for the rapid circulation of cooling fluid.

In Figure 4 I have shown the lands or ribs 5 with the grooves 8 arranged in annular parallelism around the outer periphery of the cylinder wall sleeve.

My present invention being intended to be pointed out in the claims is not to be limited to or by the specific structure or arrangement of parts illustrated by the drawings or hereinbefore described.

I claim:

1. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure having a cooling fluid chamber therein and a cylinder wall sleeve of non-ferric metal, a supporting wall for said cylinder wall sleeve, a rib with convolutions embracing the said cylinder wall sleeve between both said walls for a greater portion of the length thereof, a groove or passage between the convolutions of the said rib for circulating cooling fluid against the exterior of said cylinder wall sleeve, holes extending through said supporting wall for conducting cooling fluid from said cooling fluid chamber to said groove or passage and slots extending transversely of said rib, the said cylinder wall sleeve having at its top portion an outwardly extending flange engaging the upper portion of the said supporting wall and at its bottom portion, an outwardly extending corrugation engaging the lower portion of said wall.

2. A cylinder structure for engines and the like,

the said structure including a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber and a cylinder wall sleeve having a higher heat conduction factor than the said cylinder block, a supporting wall for said cylinder wall sleeve, the said supporting wall having a rib extending spirally around the said cylinder wall sleeve, a plurality of holes extending through said supporting wall for conducting cooling fluid from said cooling fluid chamber to the space between the said convolutions of said rib, the said cylinder wall sleeve having an outwardly extending flange engaging the said cylinder block.

3. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure including a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber and a cylinder wall sleeve having a higher heat conduction factor than the said cylinder block, a supporting wall for said cylinder wall sleeve, the said supporting wall having a rib extending spirally around the said cylinder wall sleeve, a plurality of holes extending through the said supporting wall for conducting cooling fluid from said cooling fluid chamber.

4. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure comprising a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber and a cylinder wall sleeve having a higher heat conduction factor than the cylinder block, a supporting wall for said cylinder wall sleeve, the said supporting wall having a spiral groove extending the greater portion of its length adjacent the said cylinder wall sleeve, holes extending through said supporting wall between said groove and said cooling fluid chamber and means associated with said cylinder wall sleeve for securing said sleeve to said cylinder block.

5. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure comprising a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber therein, a cylinder sleeve supporting wall in said chamber, the said wall having at its inner circumference a spiral rib and a spiral groove between the convolutions oi --said ribpthe said'wall having a plurality of holes extending therethrough and a cylinder wall sleeve having a higher heat conduction factor than the said wall extending throughout the entire length of said wall in contact with said rib, the said sleeve having an outwardly extending flange at one of its ends engaging the said cylinder block and an outwardly extending corrugation at its other end in engagement with an annular groove in the said cylinder block.

6. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure comprising a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber therein, a cylinder sleeve supporting wall in said chamber, the said wall having at its inner circumference a spiral rib and ,a spiral groove between the convolutions of said rib, the said wallhaving a plurality of holes extending therethrough between the said convolutions of said rib and a cylinder wall sleeve having a higher heat conduction factor than the said wall extending the length of said wall and in contact with said rib, the said cylinder wall sleeve having'an outwardly extending flange engaging the said cylinder block. A I

'7. A cylinder structure for engines and the like,

the said structure having a cooling fluid chamber therein and a cylinder wall sleeve of non-ferric metal, a supporting wall for said cylinder wall sleeve, a rib embracing the said cylinder wall sleeve between both said walls for a greater portion of the length thereof, a groove or passage between the convolutions of the said rib for circulating cooling fluid against the exterior of said cylinder wall sleeve, holes extending through said supporting wall for conducting cooling fluid from said cooling fluid chamber to said groove or passage.

8. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure including a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber, a wall of said chamber having a plurality of annular grooves therein, a plurality of ribs between said grooves and a plurality of holes extending therethrough and acylinder wall sleeve engaged by said ribs.

9. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said structure including a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber, a non-ferric metal cylinder sleeve therein, a supporting wall surrounding said cylinder sleeve, the said supporting .wall having a plurality of holes extending therethrough.

10. A cylinder structure for engines and the like, the said-structure including a cylinder block having a cooling fluid chamber, and a stationary cylinder sleeve therein, a supporting wall sur rounding the outer periphery of said sleeve, the said supporting wall having a pluralityoi cooling fluid circulating holes extending therethrough whereby cooling fluid is permitted to flow from the cooling fluid chamber against the outer periphery of the said cylinder sleeve.

CHARLES W. DAKE. 

